Vulnerability EEF-CVE-2026-89420

Summary

Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input in ZenHive mpp allows a client holding an open payment channel to obtain paid resources without being charged.

MPP.Session.Actions.accept_voucher/3 in lib/mpp/session/actions.ex treats a voucher whose cumulativeAmount equals the channel's already-accepted cumulative amount as an idempotent success, returning the channel unchanged without calling maybe_spend/2. The credential verifies, the protected resource is served, and spent and units stay where they were. Because the server issues a fresh challenge per request and the credential replay store keys on challenge id and payload, the same signed voucher can be re-presented under every new challenge, so one paid voucher yields an unbounded number of paid units. The path is reachable from any method built on MPP.Session.Method through the Plug, MCP, JSON-RPC and WebSocket transports.

This issue affects mpp: from 0.14.0 before 0.16.2.

Impact

A client that has opened and funded a payment channel once can re-present the same signed voucher indefinitely and receive paid resources without any further charge. Operators running mpp as paid-API middleware lose revenue in proportion to how much the client consumes, with nothing in the channel state recording the usage.